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Where is the Manager Role in Scrum?

December 20, 2018

Where is the manager role in scrum?The Scrum Framework defines three distinct roles: the Product Owner, the Development Team and the Scrum Master. The Scrum Guide does elude to Stakeholders, but does not mention anything about managers, executives and leaders. This causes a lot of friction between teams and managers as the role is not clear. Scrum dogmatists then profess that there should be no managers, or scrum has no managers.  These managers however see that Scrum Teams do not actually take the business interests at heart and only focus on product and delivery and ignore other important business activities.

Where are managers in Scrum and do we need them?

YES we need managers!! We need management but in the form of strong leaders that have a core responsibility. Remember Scrum is a framework with a strong focus on building complex products. It is not a business modeling framework and hence does not include the management role in the framework. The framework deliberately leaves this role out, thus allowing business to structure and organize how it sees fit. The executives are there to define how the business operates and the structures need to sustain the organization. This is a territory that Scrum should not engage.

However, Scrum is highly dependent on the organization’s management to create an environment that is fosters

Leaders have critical responsibly in agile and in Scrum. leaders do the following:

  • set a strong vision and mission of why agility is important for the organization.
  • remove business related impediments that prevent agile teams from working optimally
  • define the culture and psychological safety of the organization
  • establish valuable feedback cycles that allow organizations to navigate complex product development
  • help the organization see the control and discipline that is needed to be agile
  • manage operational and logistical needs of teams
  • actively drive the journey of continuous improvement, self-improvement, adaptability, feedback
  • lead teams to success
  • and more …

It's important that we as an agile community start working with business leaders and help them succeed. Without them we land up with zombie agile / fake agile / agile in name only. Its important to stop bashing management and start working with them. Its more about the organization's success and these leaders play an important role, even though Scrum deliberately does not have them in a minimal framework.

I can help you in two ways

  • Training to help agile leaders understand their importance and what to do
  • Coaching and consulting to help your organization navigate this complex agile journey

Please reach out to me with any questions here

Thanks for reading and Scrum On!


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Comments (6)


Sen Sei
01:00 pm December 27, 2018

Interesting one. It does imo imply that:
- managers should not have any line power over team members as that may lead to command & control
- SMs should have final say and be able to override things they deem harmful to Scrum that any particular manager may try to enforce in any particular cell within an org - which of course may imply some form of hierarchy
- there should be a form of killswitch for those of managers who try to stick to command & control
- people in power seem to be a bit resistant to inspect & adapt process as they can always say that hard people make hard choices yada yada. "Art of War" chapter on generals, anyone?

But hey, as long as PMs are line managers of Team Members and SMs we can talk about daisies and reality will go it's own way.


jameserb
06:54 pm December 29, 2018

Great article. The role of managers (project, engineering, etc.) is a subtle one within Scrum: the best managers know how to step out of the way of the Scrum team while influencing scrum practices and culture and leading organizational change.

By the way "elude" in your first paragraph should be "allude".

Kind regards,


gc
12:45 pm February 19, 2021

Nice Article but I confused a bit. I am the manager and manage 3 scrum teams. I have a question. if I will not able to involve into the scrum teams, How can I make performance review to them. How can I understand who is working well & who is working not well. I think I should not not get this metrics from another one(sm or po).


Jonas
08:26 pm February 25, 2021

Hi gc,
in our organization the manager or "discipline" leader established himself as a trustworthy person, supports self management and helps to live the scrum values. Therefore, he does not evaluate a single person but the team and in case someone is upset and not happy he has always an open ear for them.
But if someone is not performing well and not following the scrum framework it should generally be addressed in the retrospectives of the teams. If there is no improvement in the team and different things were tried to change the bad behavior or performance, the scrum master of the team has to find out what's the opinion of the team members and they should decide whether that person should leave the team or stay.
We take simple measurements like team happiness and maybe do 1:1 session with the team members.


Fabien Ninoles
01:15 pm May 4, 2021

If the manager is resistant to inspect and adapt, it is likely because some demands are made on them instead of the team. For example, they can be accountable for the team performance, or their discipline, or their throughput. It is also very likely that the team lacks transparency, giving little insight on how the team is going to their managers, or didn't address the right priorities for the business, like when the PM is not aligned with the goal of the business upon which the manager is accountable.

Overall, blaming one person for a poor performance is often not the way to go, whatever the challenge this person represent. Although scrum doesn't try to address business structure, the empiricism principles could still apply, and you should make sure to have a strong and transparent talk with those managers, so that they understand how their behaviour is harmful to the team, and you understand why the managers behave that way.


Phạm Thu Phương
08:57 am November 5, 2021

Hi Jonas, Can you share more about measurements, for team performance? I appreciate it. Thanks <3